Governance and Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Governance and Sustainability - Essay Example Tesco PLC Tesco is the leading food retailer in the UK and operates globally in excess of 2318 stores located in different countries across the globe. It is worth mentioning that Tesco operates in more than 1878 stores alone in the UK. Apparently, it can be stated that the UK is the largest market of the company. At the same time, the company engages more than 326,000 people globally. Primarily, the company has been viewed to operate under four operating divisions namely Superstore, Metro, Extra and Express that does not deal only in selling food products but also involved in selling of various non- food products (Dataminotor, 2004). Additionally, Tesco’s envisages establishing itself as greatly valued company by its customers and the communities where it operates. The company intends to be highly valued not only by its customers but also from its employees and shareholders perspective. Furthermore, it is expected that the market share of Tesco shall expand at a significant ra te in the UK and other parts of the world (Tesco, 2013). Hence, due to the steady growth in its international business, it has been estimated that the company will significantly strive to increase its overall profitability as well as consolidate its strengths in Asian and European nations (Datamonitor, 2004). Moreover, the company constitute the world’s biggest online market with the total annual sales of over ?577million. On the other hand, the profit of the company has also viewed to be increased steadily over the years. Evidently, during the fiscal year 2010-11, the profit before taxation of Tesco stood at 12.3%, which is quite greater as compared to the previous year i.e. 2009-2010. At the... This paper stresses that Tesco along with its competitors like Sainsbury are duly engaged in conducting various important CSR activities. Additionally, the analysis of CSR activities of Tesco and Sainsbury illustrates that the involvement and the accountability of all the stakeholders like customers, suppliers, communities, shareholders, investors and environmentalists towards ensuring sustainable business performance are crucial for the success of an effective CSR strategy. This report makes a conclusion that CSR activities are considered to be one of the important factors for the success of the businesses of different organisations. Evidently, CSR activities are not associated with earning substantial profit from the business operations; rather it deals with ensuring healthy environment and steady community development as well. In relation to CSR activities, Tesco, the UK based leading retail company has undertaken significant approaches towards improving and facilitating enhanced social and environmental development. It is worth mentioning that the business operations of Tesco is not limited within the UK only but scattered throughout the globe. The company strictly follows GRI framework for the preparation of its sustainability reports. Furthermore, the company has shown its firm commitment towards diminishing carbon footprint and other measure relating to CSR. Similarly, the efforts of its one of the major competitors like Sainsbury cannot be overlo oked.

Semantics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Semantics - Research Paper Example The discussion ascertains that while metaphors refer to objects that are identical, similes refer to objects that are similar. Humans are social beings who interact at different levels during the execution of their duties. The roles that each of them play are distinctive and in some cases, these overlap. In most instances, they require the help of others in a bid to function optimally. Communication is an important medium through which they understand and appreciate the demands of each other. Language is particularly of great importance because it enables them to understand each other and exist in a harmonic manner. Through a common language, they are able to eliminate social conflicts that have detrimental effects on their very wellbeing. The language that a community adopts is in most instances derived from the environment that the respective community inhabits. It is widely agreed that figurative language is commonly used by communities for various purposes. Typical examples of figurative language include metaphors and similes. This paper provides an in depth analysis of the differences between metaphors and similes. In his research, Heidrich (2004) indicates that metaphors and similes play distinctive roles in communication. They are mostly employed for clarification purposes especially because they make references to things that the particular community is conversant with. In particular, they help in relating the respective information to the objects that they are being compared to. With this, the audience can be able to clearly understand the concepts being passed across. Roberts and Kreuz (1994) assert that this is important because it eases communication and prevents conflicts that are likely to strain social relations and undermine the holistic functioning of the society. Nonetheless, there are unique differences between these two figures of speech. It is widely agreed that most people get confused about

3 Dimensional Modelling in Architectural Design

3 Dimensional Modelling in Architectural Design Computer software technology is an important part of computer technology, because computer is made up of computer software, computer software technology is one of the most concerned area in the computer technology, human today manipulated by the fast development of computer technology. Todays software development tends to be more professional and directionality, as a student whom is studying design, we are often in pursuit of better results and had to use special design software to achieve our goals. As a design student we must be all familiar with computer 3 dimensional modeling software programs Today I’m going to discuss the most common known and most frequent used 3 dimensional modeling software program using by not only design student but also many professional architecture designers and jewelry designers, products designers, urban, interior, exterior designers! Introduction to 3 dimensional modeling: The so called 3 dimensional, according to the theory, is where the human describes any point in three-dimensional space by means of three coordinates, and we labeled each coordinates, the x coordinate, y coordinate and the z coordinate, where the x coordinate represent left and right of a space, y coordinate represent up and down of a space and z coordinate represent front and back of a space. Thus it concluded the formation of the human stereoscopic vision; the 3 dimensional models are made up of 3 dimensional computer software programs, this to achieve further development of computer technology in variety of industries. We live in a three-dimensional world; meanwhile, we also live in an informatization era and informatization era which is characterized by computers and digital. Computers are widely used in all industries. Today’s two-dimensional imaged computer would no longer be satisfied, we wanted the computer to be able to express a more reality form and the 3 dimensional modeling software programs can turn this into reality. The so-called three-dimensional modeling is to use 3 dimensional data to build up existing objects in reality or our imagined objects and reconstructed this objects in computer. It includes the basic information such as the 3D coordinates define the locations of object points, the color of the object surface, Transparency, and texture etc†¦3 dimensional modeling programs is widely used in various areas, and it provides an Intuition, so 3 dimensional images play an increasingly important role in various fields. There are many benefits and good reasons of why using 3 dimensional modeling software programs, Firstly, knowing how to use 3 dimensional computer software programs can develop our intelligence to enhance our imagination. During our study life time, Because of our learning system and the environment, we have become less able to produce unique imaginations and less able to elaborate on ideas. Mainly because of the stress we are dealing with each day, we have become uncreative; most of the time we thought copying would be a much simpler way to produce work. However knowing how to use a 3 dimensional modeling software program will fill this vacancy. Secondly, those who know how to use 3 dimensional modeling programs can make abstract graphic image become more intuitive and easy to understand. Introduction to Rhino 3 dimensional modeling techniques: Rhino is a powerful three-dimensional software program; it is the first powerful AGLib NURBS modeling technology complete the introduction of the Windows operating system software. Rhino is easy to use, highly flexible and highly accurate modeling tools. Rhino provides almost all tools to be used in the creation of three-dimensional models; it can create any imaginable shape, it can also create any project cannot be completed in reality therefore Rhino is a very powerful 3 dimensional modeling making software program 3 dimensional modeling making is the basic consensus in design making process, without model building, the design idea would be difficult to present. It plays an important part in the design process, because a realistic 3d model is able to reflect the turn quality and the material of the model, it truly made our design ideas becomes real. Rhino 3 dimensional Modeling discussion: Modeling making is the basic modeling technique; Todays 3D modeling software programs has its own unique modeling system, modeling method can have many different types, but the main 3 types are the NURBS modeling, Polygon modeling and Patch Modeling. The rhino software program provides NURBS modeling making, subdivision modeling, Carving Modeling and polygon modeling. Polygon modeling is the oldest method, and is also the most common method; polygon modeling is the splice of triangles and quadrilaterals, the 3 dimensional model we see on screen is connected by the â€Å"face† of polygons,and every â€Å"face† are different sizes and orientations, by arrenging these â€Å"faces† it complete a very complex 3 dimensional model. NURBS modeling, Is the most popular modeling method, it offers great flexibility and precision for handling model shapes, is a much more simply and efficient method, it seems everyone can create their 3 dimensional model using the NURBS technology. Subdivision modeling is also sometimes called the sub modeling, is a way of as it named, it applies subdivision surfaces to create new geometry that has the result of smoothing out geometries, like cubes, pyramids, it produces smooth out render shapes. Usage of rhino 3D modeling in my project analysis: To be able to present my imagined design idea to my audience and translate my imagined design idea to reality, at this stage I began to use 3 dimensional software program rhino to build my imagined 3 dimensional model. To build up a 3 dimensional model using rhino, it sometimes take longer times, therefore it would be better for us to choose a final development model to build instead. This way we can concentrate on every details of the model. When using a 3 dimensional modeling program creating a model, we need to think carefully about its structure, we must have a full understanding of this model, if we are not certain about the model structure then the model that we are going to build would not have a realistic appearance, the details would be missing. Therefore I prefer the quality, not the quantity. The usage of this 3 dimensional software program rhino has clearly improved the quality of my design, rhino provides models with texture, the textures of the model is actually just an image we see on screen, but after rendering, it can make the model appeared more detailed and more realistic. Compared with wireframe models, it is a higher level technology. Design process: Collect relevant information, research relevant artworks Design concept: sketch out all usable and suitable ideas Deleting unusable and unsuitable ideas Set up a final development model 3 dimensional modeling making using 3 dimensional software program rhino Knowing how to use this 3 dimensional programs rhino, I have learned many valuable know ledges, firstly, to have a well presented three-dimensional model is a very important process when creating a design work, without a good 3 dimensional model, it is impossible to complete a good design work. And with the help of this 3 dimensional program rhino, it made design work become smooth, easy and efficient. Design concept: My design is called the rain angle, the rain angle was inspired by the weather of Auckland, where the i did a record of the weather of Auckland, i noticed the weather of Auckland was interesting due to the quickly speed change of temperature. The temperature is colder in the morning, the temperature is hotter during lunch time, the temperature rises at lunch time and temperature drop in the late afternoon. i also noticed Auckland is always high in level of humidity, before it rains, humidity usually increases, When it is raining, relative humidity draws near 85%-100%,Auckland average humidity is between 75%-98%, therefore it sums up a conclusion that Auckland rains very frequently, i did a record of Auckland weather by collecting data on the website â€Å"the accuweather.com† the red dot represents a day it rained, and base on these red dots, I did a graph that shows the rain data of Auckland! Yet Auckland has unstable temperature, and rains frequently, but it does not effect on wild life’s living, people always say New Zealand is the last paradise for the birds, as New Zealand has more species of flightless birds – both living and extinct – than any other country. i recorded a weather data graph and translated the weather data graph of Auckland into a 3 dimensional model (the rain angle) the flow and the geometry allows the model to collect rain water, rain water will be reused by birds, birds’ uses as a water tank and a bird’s bath! This model is specially designed for birds.

Neve Cambell :: essays research papers

Neve Campbell Neve Campbell’s career was a success because she danced. Neve Campbell started to dance when she was 6, following a visit the made to go and see the performance "The Nutcracker". When she was in dancing school (The National Ballet school of Canada) Neve had learned 5 different types of dancing. These types include jazz, flamenco, modern, hip-hop and classical. Neve reefers to the school as being "the best dance school in the world, but an extremely competitive one too". She also says that there is a lot of backstabbing mentally, with a lot of favoritism. While at her dancing stage of her life, she preformed in "Sleeping Beauty", and "The Nutcracker". But her dancing was soon to be put to a halt, for after various injuries and lots of competitiveness, she had a nervous breakdown and quit dancing when she was 15 years old. She also had been a model for two months but found that modeling had no satisfaction and very low. After this she turn ed towards the theatre for a career, since she wanted to be a performer. Another contribution to her career was when Neve was involved in the theatre. After her quitting dancing, she had turned out to be the Degas girl in "The Phantom of the Opera". She preformed at the Pantages theatre in Toronto. Neve had preformed in over 800 shows when she was done in "The Phantom of the Opera" Neve says she likes the theatre because she gets an automatic response from the audience. It was this part of her career that Neve found the love of acting, not only on a stage but to reach higher in her career and be a movie star. Neve’s career as a movie star was just the beginning of her debut on television. Neve Campbell appeared in the NBC movie " I know my son is alive". She also played Daisy in the television series "Catwalk". But Neve Cambell’s television career is most well known for her performances in "Party of Five", as Julia Slalinger. This show won an Emmy for "best show in 1995. Neve made appearances on "Kids in the hall", "kung-fu", and "Are you afraid of the dark?". She has also starred in films such as "Paint cans", Web of deceit", "The dark", "Baree", and "Canterville Ghost". The movies that Neve has been most known for are "Scream 1", "Scream 2", "Scream 3", "Wild Things", and "Hair shirt". Neve Cambell :: essays research papers Neve Campbell Neve Campbell’s career was a success because she danced. Neve Campbell started to dance when she was 6, following a visit the made to go and see the performance "The Nutcracker". When she was in dancing school (The National Ballet school of Canada) Neve had learned 5 different types of dancing. These types include jazz, flamenco, modern, hip-hop and classical. Neve reefers to the school as being "the best dance school in the world, but an extremely competitive one too". She also says that there is a lot of backstabbing mentally, with a lot of favoritism. While at her dancing stage of her life, she preformed in "Sleeping Beauty", and "The Nutcracker". But her dancing was soon to be put to a halt, for after various injuries and lots of competitiveness, she had a nervous breakdown and quit dancing when she was 15 years old. She also had been a model for two months but found that modeling had no satisfaction and very low. After this she turn ed towards the theatre for a career, since she wanted to be a performer. Another contribution to her career was when Neve was involved in the theatre. After her quitting dancing, she had turned out to be the Degas girl in "The Phantom of the Opera". She preformed at the Pantages theatre in Toronto. Neve had preformed in over 800 shows when she was done in "The Phantom of the Opera" Neve says she likes the theatre because she gets an automatic response from the audience. It was this part of her career that Neve found the love of acting, not only on a stage but to reach higher in her career and be a movie star. Neve’s career as a movie star was just the beginning of her debut on television. Neve Campbell appeared in the NBC movie " I know my son is alive". She also played Daisy in the television series "Catwalk". But Neve Cambell’s television career is most well known for her performances in "Party of Five", as Julia Slalinger. This show won an Emmy for "best show in 1995. Neve made appearances on "Kids in the hall", "kung-fu", and "Are you afraid of the dark?". She has also starred in films such as "Paint cans", Web of deceit", "The dark", "Baree", and "Canterville Ghost". The movies that Neve has been most known for are "Scream 1", "Scream 2", "Scream 3", "Wild Things", and "Hair shirt".

High Performing Teams

Introduction This paper will cover several topics related to high-performing teams and work groups. It will discuss how these two kinds of workplace people sets and how they differ in their pursuit of organizational strategy and compare these differences to virtual teams. It will identify the characteristics of successful leaders of high-performing teams and finally discuss why high-performing teams are important to organizations. High-Performing Teams and Work Groups Before we can define high-performing teams or work groups, we will need to define the term team first. A team can be defined as a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable. â€Å"That definition lays down the discipline that teams must share to be effective (Katzenbach, 2005). Organizations utilize teams to perform operational and project based tasks. People working in teams have the capacity to solve complex problems that cannot be solved by individuals working alone. People working in teams bring more resources to a task, including a variety of perspectives, knowledge, skills, and experience (Capella University, 2008). This diversity of perspectives, knowledge, skills, and experience allows a team to outperform the sum of its parts and is a critical component of a team being labeled as a high-performing team. Teams come in many forms, they can be permanent or temporary, they can be leader-led or self-managed, and they can be co-located or virtual. Regardless of their purpose and form, all teams are made up of individuals interacting interdependently to achieve common organizational goal. Furthermore, all teams share the following: clear boundaries, common tasks, differentiated member roles, autonomy, dependence on others, and collective responsibility (Capella University, 2008). Teams definitely are forms of work groups, but not all work groups are teams (Brounstein, 2011). A work group is also a collection of individuals however; they may not have complementary skills, a common purpose or a set of shared goals. In a work group, each member is responsible for only their own individual contributions. He or she achieves outcomes or makes their contribution to the organization in (relative) isolation. Individuals need not have any concern about what other members of the group achieve. Within a work group, there is not the interconnectedness and shared responsibility you see between team members. Each member of a group can say ‘I did my best; it is not my fault that others did not pull their weight (www. leadership-development-coaching. com, 2011). ’ To add more context to the difference between work groups and teams refer to Table 1 (Brounstein, 2011). Work Groups| Teams| Individual accountability| Individual and mutual accountability| Come together to share information and perspectives| Frequently come together for discussion, decision-making, problem solving and planning. | Focus on individual goals| Focus on team goals| Produce individual work products| Produce collective work products| Define individual roles, responsibilities, and tasks| Define individual roles, responsibilities, and tasks to help team do its work; often share and rotate them| Concern with one's own outcome and challenges| Concern with outcomes of everyone and challenges the team faces| Purpose, goals, approach to work shaped by manager| Purpose, goals, approach to work shaped by team leader with team members| Table 1: Difference between Work Groups and Teams High-Performing teams have deeper characteristics that separate them from any team with the ‘team’ characteristics mentioned previously. Members of high-performing teams tend to develop a collective purpose that goes beyond that which the organization has established for them (Capella University, 2008). According to Harvard researcher Richard Hickman, high-performing teams must meet three effectiveness criteria (Capella University, 2008): * The team must consistently produce high-quality output. * The team must promote the personal growth needs and well-being of team members. The team must grow and learn as a unit. The Pursuit of Organizational Strategy It is not too much of a stretch to see which scenario is preferable when it comes to pursuing alignment with your organization’s strategy. Those in a workgroup, although maybe tied in roles and responsibilities to the organization’s strategic imperatives, is not concerned about others in his group or departm ent, and therefore has no vested interest in another succeeding. High performing teams, on the other hand, consider their team as equally or more important than themselves. A recent study of Fortune 1000 companies conducted by the Center for Effective Organizations at the University of Southern California concluded that 68 percent of the organizations in the study use self –managed or high-performing teams†¦but the study also shows only 10 percent of workers were in such teams (Capella University, 2008). Therefore, as much as we can agree there is a benefit from moving those in work groups into high-performing team environments, these environments are difficult to create, lead and maintain. A failed attempt to create a high-performing team could be more detrimental than keeping a group of individuals in the work group mode, and thus making each individual accountable for driving alignment with the organization’s strategy. Virtual teams can play an interesting twist on this strategic alignment anomaly. This author suggests that virtual teams are no different in driving alignment with organizational strategy than co-located teams, with one exception. In the role of operational support, where, for example a help-desk or call-center can take advantage of the â€Å"follow-the-sun† support methodology, you can find significant benefit by tying a virtual team’s performance as a team to an SLA, where individuals are working together to answer phones within a certain amount of rings, meet a certain first call resolution statistic etc. This type of virtual team, if lead properly can be a very high-performing team, as their bonuses and overall performance can be tied to these SLA results of the team. Successful Leadership Characteristics of High-Performing Teams Leadership of high-performing teams have been mentioned twice in this paper; once to summarize how difficult it is to maintain high-performing teams, the second to note how to lead a high-performing virtual team. Managing any team is not an easy task. Managing and maintaining high-performing teams is increasingly difficult. Creating and managing high-performing teams is as much an art as it is a science. There is no magic formula that will uarantee team success, nor is there one best way to lead a team (Capella University, 2008). We can define four team leadership skills that will help drive work groups and teams into high-performing teams: 1. Invest in ongoing personal development 2. Provide team direction, structure and resources 3. Help the team manage boundaries 4. Manage the type and timing of interventions The Importance of High-Performing Teams We have shown the significant benefit of creating and maintaining high- performing teams concerning an organization’s strategy and team accomplishment. High-performing teams tend to require less management since the team assumes a purpose as a whole and not individuals. These teams tend to be self-managed, or slightly managed by a leader, more so in a facilitation role than what we know as a daily manager. The most important task of the team leader is to create a work context that inspires and enables the team to do its work rather than directly intervening in the team’s day-to-day work (Capella University, 2008). This is increasingly important to organizations as the economic outlook continues to force reductions in departmental personnel. References Brounstein, M. (2011). Differences between Work Groups and Teams. Retrieved December 5, 2011, from Dummies. com; Making Everything Easier: http://www. dummies. com/how-to/content/differences-between-work-groups-and-teams. html Capella University. (2008). TS5160: Business Foundations (2nd Custom ed. ). Boston: Pearson Custom Publishing. Katzenbach, J. (2005, July 1). The Discipline of Teams. Retrieved December 5, 2011, from Capella University: http://web. ebscohost. com. library. capella. edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? vid=3;hid=119;sid=0579d6ae-2d3d-4908-9971-cea2472130f6%40sessionmgr112 www. leadership-development-coaching. com. (2011). Team vs Group: implications for leaders. Retrieved December 5, 2011, from Leadership Development Coaching: http://www. leadership-development-coaching. com/team-vs-group. html

Science Fari Final Report for Oven Baked Ice Cream

Science Fair 2012 By Anna Neuber Question If I put ice cream to bake in an oven, will the egg white and sugar mixture insulate it well enough so it won’t melt? Hypothesis If I put the ice cream into the egg white mixture and heat it up in the oven at 260 °, it will not melt because of the insulation. Variables Independent Variables The independent variables are those that are changed throughout the experiment. In my experiment I am going to change the amount of egg white mixture on the ice cream (in my first experiment I put very little and the experiment didn’t work out).I will also be changing the type of ice cream. This will not affect the experiment but it will change the taste. Dependent Variable The dependent variable is the one that is measured during the experiment. I will be measuring/observing the texture and outcome of the ice cream after it has been baked in the oven. Controlled Variables The controlled variables are the ones that you try to keep constant throughout your experiment so that they don’t affect your experiment. I will be keeping the temperature of the oven the same and the type of cookie that I place the ice cream on.Background Research Ice cream usually melts when exposed to heat. This is an observable physical change. But could there be a way to keep it in tact without letting it melt? In fact, there is a way! Americans eat this as a treat and call it â€Å"Baked Alaska†. In effect it is ice cream covered in an egg white mixture put into an oven. Why doesn’t it melt? The egg whites mixture acts as an insulator and keeps the ice cream cool. The air bubbles slow down the penetration of heat from the outside. Once baked, the dessert is hot on the outside and freezing on the inside.If I put the bowl of ice cream into the egg white mixture and then on the cookie and put it into the oven at 260 degrees Celsius, will it melt or will it stay intact because of the insulation? Oven baked ice cream isnâ€℠¢t an experiment like mixing metals with acids. It’s actually a dessert. The name it was given is â€Å"Baked Alaska†. The name â€Å"Baked Alaska† comes from Delmonico's Restaurant in New York City in 1876, and was created in honor of the newly acquired territory of Alaska. It is basically hard ice cream on a bed of sponge cake.The process is simple; this ‘cake' is kept in the freezer until serving time, when it is placed in a very hot oven, just long enough to brown the meringue. Baked Alaska and similar desserts use the insulating properties of the trapped air in the cellular structure of the foams (the meringue and sponge cake) which keeps the heat from reaching the ice cream. Early versions of this dessert consisted of ice cream covered in a very hot pastry crust. (Ehler, 1990-2012) Since ice cream doesn't really leave a trace like pots or weapons, there is not much history about ice cream.It is said that people living in places in prehistoric times w here snow and ice were abundant made themselves a sort of â€Å"sorbet† by adding fruits to give the ice a flavor. Also, some left over ice houses, where ice was produced, have been found. Ice houses are known to have existed as early as 2,000 B. C. in Mesopotamia. They were built by rich Mesopotamians. Also, some Egyptian Pharaohs ordered ice from the colder regions to be shipped into Egypt. A lot later on, the Arabs began using syrup and sugar instead of honey.In the 10th century B. C. , ice cream was sold in all major Arab cities. The Chinese also picked up the use of ice cream, and it began to be a popular treat in the hot months of the year. (Zinger, 2012) Ancient people first began cooking on open fires. The cooking fires were put on the ground and later simple brick constructions were used to hold the wood. Simple ovens were used by the ancient Greeks for making bread and other baked goods. By the middle ages, taller brick and cement fireplaces, often with chimneys, we re being built.The food to be cooked was placed in metal cauldrons that hung above the fire. The first written historical record of an oven being built refers to an oven built in 1490, in Alsace, France. To improve the ovens, fire chambers were invented that contained the wood fire, and holes were built into the top of these chambers that cooking pots with flat bottoms could be placed directly upon replacing the cauldron. Around 1728, cast iron ovens began to be made in quantity. These first ovens of German design were called Five-plate or Jamb stoves.Around 1800, Benjamin Thompson invented a working iron kitchen stove called the Rumford stove that was designed for very large working kitchens. However, the Rumford stove was too large from the average kitchen and inventors continued to improve their designs. Cast iron stoves continued to evolve, with iron gratings added to the cooking holes, and added chimneys and connecting flue pipes. Jordan Mott invented the first practical coal o ven in 1833. British inventor, James Sharp patented a gas oven in 1826, the first semi-successful gas oven to appear on the market.It was not until the late 1920s and early 1930s that electric ovens began to compete with gas ovens, however, electric ovens were available as early as the 1890s. Some historians credit, Canadian Thomas Ahearn with inventing the first electric oven in 1882. The Carpenter Electric Heating Manufacturing Company invented an electric oven in 1891. In 1910, William Hadaway designed the first toaster made by Westinghouse, a horizontal combination toaster-cooker. (Bellis, 2012) In conclusion, I can only say that ice cream definitely doesn’t melt in the oven.But only if you cover it safely in egg whites mixture. On my first experiment, the ice cream melted partially and it wasn’t very successful. This is why I have repeated the experiment to get a different result. I only tried one recipe because the other ones take about 8 to 10 hours and I donâ⠂¬â„¢t have so much time available. The thing that went wrong on the first experiment I think was that the ice cream wasn’t insulated well enough. My second experiment went very well and I was happy about the results, but the last one was not much better than the first trial.This was because the ice cream slipped off the cookie. In summation; oven baked ice cream is definitely not an easy experiment and it takes practice to get a good outcome that tastes good and looks nice as well! Materials List – 3 or 4 large eggs – Vanilla ice cream – 1 large cookie – 113 grams of sugar – Large mixing bowl – Whisk or fork – Ice cream scoop or spoon – Cookie sheet – Aluminum foil – Oven Experimental Procedure 1. Extract the egg whites from the eggs. The egg white has to land in the bowl. 3. Use your whisk or fork to beat the egg-whites in the bowl, slowly adding in the sugar as you mix.Keep beating the egg whites and sug ar until you have a glossy looking mixture. 4. Pre-heat your oven to 260 degrees Celsius 5. Line your cookie-sheet with the aluminum foil so that it covers the entire surface 6. Place your cookie on the center of the foil-lined cookie sheet 7. Take a big scoop of Ice Cream that is about the circumference of the cookie and place is in the egg white mixture. Make sure the ice cream is completely covered and submerged. 8. Take the ice cream from the mixture and place it on the cookie 9. When the oven is pre-heated, place the cookie sheet on the bottom rack 10.Bake the ice cream cookie until the ice cream starts to turn a golden brown, about 5 minutes. 11. Remove the ice cream cookie from the oven and allow a few minutes to cool. Data Analysis Trial| Result| Observation| 1| Bad| The ice cream almost completely melted and the egg whites mixture didn’t insulate properly. Some parts of the egg whites mixture turned a gold-brownish color, but some stayed white and didn’t bake properly. To improve: I need to put on more egg whites mixture. | 2| good| The ice cream barely melted and there was more left than in the experiment before.To improve: I need to leave it longer to bake. | 3| Ok| The ice cream didn’t completely melt but it slipped of the cookie which was not the point of the experiment, still it didn’t melt fully. I left it longer to bake as well. | Observations In the first experiment, I used vanilla ice cream while in the second I used chocolate and in the third I used strawberry. This change only affected the taste and did not change the procedure of the experiment. Also, by adding more and more egg whites, I noticed that the ice cream didn’t melt as fast or almost not at all.I kept the oven temperature the same and also the type of cookie. The â€Å"texture† of the outcome of the ice cream was always creamy and soft. The outsides were a slight golden brown but that is the result that is expected. Conclusions Experimen t Conclusion Relating to my hypothesis, I can conclude that I predicted half correct and half wrong. First of all, two of my experiments failed and one trial worked out, so my hypothesis was only partly right. Secondly, it is probably quite hard to bake ice cream and it must take practice to get it right.I looked at different recipes as well, but all of them take about 8 – 10 hours and it is hard to record it that way and I can’t make my experiment last that long either. Unfortunately, I didn’t record my experiment in a video, but I have made a picture of my first trial. Overall Conclusion My overall conclusion is that I am very happy with my experiment. How did I come up with my experiment? I was looking through a website that had a whole list of experiments, and when I saw the â€Å"Oven baked ice cream† experiment, I was immediately interested, because it seemed impossible to me that something like that actually works out.So then I started doing some r esearch and finally I used this as my experiment. My hypothesis was that the ice cream wouldn’t melt, because I believed that, if the experiment exists and is also served in restaurants it must work. I was really curious to try it out myself, and my outcomes were not too bad (except for my first try). It even tastes good. I think overall I am very pleased with my experiment and what I have achieved. I am glad that I chose this topic because it is interesting to research about and it is also really fun to bake.I have displayed a few pictures and a video too! It is really easy to make the ice cream—well at least from the recipe that I have found. It doesn’t work out straight away, but I think you need to personalize the recipe a little bit so that it suits your taste. I hope that we do a Science Fair next year again because I really enjoyed the planning and research, but I think to enjoy the preparation to science fair you have to choose a topic that really suits you and that you are actually interested in.So all in all, my opinion to science fair is that it is great fun and, even if this first time everyone was a little bit under time pressure, I think it worked out well and I hope that the actual day of science fair will reward our effort and hard work! Acknowledgements I would like to say thank you to my teachers Ms. Mullen and Ms. Phan for helping me in my science fair project. I would also like to thank my mum and my dad for helping me with my experiment. Last but not least I want to thank Ms. Wiedemann and Mr. Lenihan for giving up their lesson and letting us work on science fair. BibliographyEhler, James T. â€Å"Baked Alaska. † Recipes for Sweet Comforts from the North Country. New York, New York: James T. Ehler, 2000. 143. , . . Print. Bellis, Mary. History of Ice Cream. Ed. Mary Bellis. about. com: Mary Bellis, 2011. 2. , . . Print. Bellis, Mary. History of the Oven. Ed. Mary Bellis. about. com: Mary Bellis, 2009. 3. , . . P rint. http://farm4. static. flickr. com/3269/3107121731_69336f5e82_o. jpg â€Å"Baked Alaska. † Alaska Wild Berry Cookbook: 270 Recipes from the Far North. Alaska: Alaska Northwest Books, 2012. Print. http://www. zagblog. ch/wpcontent/uploads/2012/06/icecream. jpg